Backup3G/EWC/Man Pages

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1 COSserver
2 FSntcpio
3 FSregback
4 FSremote
5 FSsysstate
6 busplit
7 cos
8 db_date
9 devio
10 devscan
11 ewc
12 file_excl
13 file_list
14 mt
15 ntcpio
16 regback
17 rsh
18 rshd
19 service
20 tapelabel

[edit]

COSserver

NAME

COSserver - remote COSmanager command execution

SYNOPSIS

COSserver -i | -install

COSserver -r | -remove

COSserver [-d]

DESCRIPTION

COSserver is a TCP service listening on port 9002 and provides remote execution facilities. It is used to execute commands requested by remote COSserver clients.

Clients connect to the server and request the execution of a command on behalf of a user. If the client has the necessary authority, theserver will execute the command and return the standard output and standard error of the command to the client. Any standard input sent from the client is passed to the command. It will also return the exit status of the command executed.

COSserver does a series of authentication steps to ensure that the request is genuine. These are:

The local hostinfo table is consulted, to ensure that the request originates from a known COSmanager host;
COSserver generates a random number, which is passed back to the host making the request. This random number is then hashed with the contents of the request, and the encrypted hash code is passed back to COSserver. COSserver then verifies that the hash code is correct.

OPTIONS

-i -install	Install COSserver as a service. Once installed, it can be controlled using the net command, or using the Services window invoked from the Control Panel.
-r -remove	Remove the COSserver service.
-d	Turn on debugging. Useful if there is a problem connecting.

There are a couple of other flags mentioned in the help screen which are only useful for testing purposes.

EXAMPLES

COSserver -install

Install the COSserver as a service.

COSserver -remove

Remove the COSserver service.

COSserver -d

Run COSserver interactively, and turn on debug information. Note that the COSserver service must be turned off for this to work.

FILES

$EWC_HOME/db/hostinfo

This file contains the list of hosts that are allowed to execute commands on the local host. Each host is followed by a comunications method that is used from the local host to execute commands on that host.

ENVIRONMENT

APPL_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client. This value is retrieved from the registry via the HomeDir value under the Enterprise Windows Client section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE

For example: /cygdrive/C/Program Files/Functional Software/EWC_5.1

APPL_NAME

For the cos command to be run in the correct environment, the variable APPL_NAME must be set. APPL_NAME can be set to either backup or task.

EWC_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client in DOS syntax.

For example: C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1

FULLNAME

The fullname of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

For example: COSmanager

LOGNAME

The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

For example: cosmos

PATH

The location, relative to EWC_HOME of the Enterprise Windows Client executables is prepended to the PATH variable.

For example: /bin:/cygdrive/c/Windows/system32:/cygdrive/c/Windows

USERNAME

The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

For example: cosmos

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	program or system error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

FSremote(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.5 - Last modified 5^th January 2008.

[edit]

FSntcpio

NAME

FSntcpio - perform ntcpio format backup and restore

SYNOPSIS

FSntcpio [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-s pattern] [-S file] [-x pattern | -X file] directory

FSntcpio -a files [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory

FSntcpio -f [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory

FSntcpio -i [-d] [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory

FSntcpio -l

FSntcpio -L list [-v] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory

FSntcpio -r [-v] [-D directories] [-F files] directory

DESCRIPTION

FSntcpio implements backup/restore/archive using ntcpio.

In backup and archive mode it writes data in ntcpio format to standard output. In restore mode it unloads data in ntcpio format from standard input. Directory is the name of the base directory relative to which the backup or restore is done.

When performing a full backup, FSntcpio copies all files under directory and creates a time stamp file called .FSbackup. When performing an incremental backup, FSntcpio copies files in directory that have a modification time newer than that of .FSbackup. Furthermore, with the deleting backup option, a list of files that have been deleted or renamed since the full backup is saved. Later, when a restore is performed, these files are then handled correctly so that the state of the restored directory matches the original at the time of the incremental backup.

An online index to aid the restore of selected files and directories can be generated during the backup as the data is written, using the -I flag, or at some time later by reading data back from the tape using the -l flag.

Selected files and directories can be included (backup only these files under directory) or excluded (backup all files under directory except for these files) from the backup.

OPTIONS

Only one of the following options should be specified:

-a files	Archive the specified file/directories.
-f	Full backup: backup the whole directory, plus create .FSbackup.
-i	Incremental backup. Backup files modified later than .FSbackup (see also the discussion on deleting backup above).
-r	Recover files given by -D and -F (or everything if they are not specified).
-l	Create an index from an existing ntcpio backup to standard output. Does NOT perform a backup or restore.

If none of the above is specified, FSntcpio will default to a selected file backup as determined by the -s or -S flags (or, if neither of these is specified, backup the whole directory. Note that this is still a selected backup, as .FSbackup is not created).

The following options apply to backups only (ie. not -r or -l):

-d	Do deleting backup (-f and -i only).
-L list	Only save files whose names are specified in list one per line (exact match - no patterns).
-s pattern	Select for backup only files matching the specified patterns. Each pattern may also begin with "!" indicating that files matching this pattern are to be excluded. (selected file backup only)
-S file	Read file for the list of file patterns to select or exclude, one per line. The file may also contain comments on lines starting with "#". (selected file backup only)
-W	Ignore warnings. For example: Cannot access file would mean the exit status will be set to 2. The -W flag will override and set the exit status to 0 (successful).
-x	Exclude from the backup files matching the specified patterns.
-X file	Read file for the list of file patterns to exclude, one per line.

The following options apply to restore only:

-D dirs	Recover the specified directories recursively
-F files	Recover the specified files

Other options supported:

-I file	Create an index in the specified file (not -r)
-v	Verbose output. Display the filenames as they are backed up or restored.

FILE PATTERNS

The options -s, -S, -x and -X define filename patterns to either include or exclude in a backup. The format of these patterns is very much like the format of file patterns in the Bourne Shell. Note that forward slash must be used as the directory separator.

The following special characters are recognised:

*	Matches any string not containing "/", including the null string. However a "*" by itself (i.e. only surrounded by "/") will match ANY string.
?	Matches any one character except "/".
[..]	Matches any one of the set of characters in the brackets. If the first character after the "[" is "!", any character NOT in the set is matched. A range of characters can be specified using "-".

Some examples:

Windows/file[0-9].?

will match Windows/file2.d

home/m*/core

will match home/mike/core, but not home/mike/src/core

home/*/corev

because the "*" is by itself, this will match home/core, home/mike/core, and home/mike/src/core etc.

*/tmp/*

matches all files under any directory called "tmp". For example mike/tmp/src/test.c will match.

File patterns should be relative the base directory.

EXAMPLES

FSntcpio -f -I /tmp/index2 C:/users

Generates a full backup of the directory C:/users to standard output, generating an online index in /tmp/index2.

FSntcpio -i -I /tmp/index9 -x "*/core */*.o" D:/r+d

Generates an incremental backup of the directory D:/r+d to standard output, generating an online index. Exclude any "core" or ".o" files.

FSntcpio -s "[a-h]*/* !*/tmp/*" D:/home

Generates a selected backup of directories under D:/home starting with the letters "a" through "h". Exclude any "tmp" directories.

FSntcpio -L /tmp/files "C:/Program Files"

Generate a backup of the files listed in /tmp/files where they are assumed to be relative to the "C:/Program Files" directory.

FSntcpio -a "first.doc second.doc Manuals" C:/Documents

Generate an archive of the files first.doc, second.doc, and the directory Manuals, which are relative to the directory C:/Documents.

FSntcpio -l -I /tmp/index4

Generate an online index to the file /tmp/index4 from ntcpio format data read from standard input.

FSntcpio -r -D "Program Files" -F config.sys C:/tmp

Restore the directory "Program Files" and the file config.sys to the directory C:/tmp from data read from standard input. The directory "Program Files" and file config.sys were originally backed up relative to the root directory on drive C (C:/).

FILES

.FSbackup

The time stamp file created in directory by a full backup. Incremental backups only select files whose modification date is after that of .FSbackup. This file will be empty unless the -d (deletion) flag is used. In this case, it will contain a list of the names of all the files backed up.

.FSbackup.del

The "deletion" list produced when an incremental backup is performed with the -d (deletion) flag. This contains a list of files which have been deleted or renamed since the last full backup.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

10	trapped signal
2	invalid usage
1	program or system error
0	successful

NOTES

When performing an incremental backup, FSntcpio checks whether the file .FSbackup exists. If not, FSntcpio reverts to a full backup.

FSntcpio writes to standard output. In Backup3G, a backup method defined to use "stdout" pipes the output on to devio for streaming to the tape device.

The files contained in the backup have paths relative to directory.

The "deleting" option (-d) requires an extra scan of the directory before the backup, and hence may be slower to start.

	Note
	The forward slash must be used as the directory separator. ie: directories should be specified as `C:/Windows`, not `C:\Windows`

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.30 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

FSregback

NAME

FSregback - perform registry backup and restore

SYNOPSIS

FSregback -b [-pv] [-I file]

FSregback -l [-p]

FSregback -r [-Rv] [-K keys]

FSregback -rp [-v] [-P profiles]

FSregback -R

DESCRIPTION

Used for registry or user profile backup and restore.

To perform a registry backup, you must have the Backup privilege. Only dynamic registry keys are backed up. These are the sub keys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and the DEFAULT user key in HKEY_USERS. The data is written to the standard output stream in the ntcpio format.

To perform a registry restore, you must have the Restore privilege. The registry data is read from the standard input stream. If specific keys were specified with the -K flag only those keys will be restored, else all keys will be restored. The actual restoration of these keys does not take place until the next time the host is rebooted. Temporary files ending in 999 are created for the restore process. These files can be removed once the host has been rebooted and the keys restored.

User profiles can be backed up by specifying the -p flag with the -b flag. The profiles can be restored by specifying the -p flag with the -r flag. Profile restoration can be limited to specific users by using the -P flag, else all profiles will be restored.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-b	Perform either a registry or profile backup. (see -p flag).
-I file	Write an index of the backup to file.
-K keys	Recover the specified keys. Used with the -r flag.
-l	Generate either a registry or profile index. (see -p flag).
-p	Perform the action on the user profiles. The default is to perform the action on the registry. Specified in conjunction with either -b, -l or -r.
-P profiles	Recover the specified profiles. Used with the -pr flags.
-r	Restore either the registry or user profiles. (see -p flag).
-R	Reboot the host.
-v	Verbose output.

EXAMPLES

FSregback -b -I C:/tmp/index

Perform a registry backup. The data is written to the standard output stream. An index of the keys backed up is written to C:/tmp/index.

FSregback -bR -K "SOFTWARE SECURITY"

Recover the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE sub keys, SOFTWARE and SECURITY. Reboot the host.

FSregback -lp

Generate a profile index. The data is read from the standard input stream. The index is written to the standard output stream.

ENVIRONMENT

TEMPDIR

The location of the temporary directory used to create temporary files.

DIAGNOSTICS The following exit values are returned:

2	invalid usage
1	program or system error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

regback(1), FSsysstate(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.8 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

FSremote

NAME

FSremote - run a command on a remote host and return the exit status

SYNOPSIS

FSremote [-S] host command

DESCRIPTION

Connect to the specified host and execute the specified command within the COSmanager environment. The exit status of FSremote is set to the exit status of the command. Any standard input is passed to the remote command and the remote command's standard output and standard error become that of FSremote.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-D	Display debugging messages. Useful for diagnosing problems.
-S	Set the user id and group id of the remote process to $LOGNAME.

EXAMPLES

FSremote aunty "mt_wait"

Run the mt_wait command on remote host aunty.

FSremote -S decoy "id"

Run the id command on remote host decoy with UID and GID set to the environment variable $LOGNAME.

FILES

$APPL_HOME/db/comm_meth

Contains the remote communications method to use when executing a command on a remote host. Only two methods are supported by EWC: COSserver and rsh.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

10	trapped signal
1	invalid usage, program or system error	0	successful

Other exit values are indeterminate as FSremote will terminate with the exit status of the remote command it executes.

SEE ALSO

COSserver(1), rsh(1), rshd(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 4.7 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

FSsysstate

NAME

FSsysstate - perform system state backup

SYNOPSIS

FSregback -t

DESCRIPTION

Used for system state backup. This includes:

Boot files
COM+ Class Registration database
Registry
Active Directory (NTDS) (if the server is a domain controller)
System volume (SYSVOL) (if the server is a domain controller)
Certificate Services database (if the server is running certificate services)
Cluster service (if the server is running cluster service)

To perform a system state backup, you must have the Backup privilege. All components of the system state are backed up to a file in the supplied directory. You cannot select individual components for backup or for restore. Once the system state backup to file is complete, backup the file to tape using FSntcpio.

To perform a system state restore, you must first restore the system state backup file (sysstate.bkf) from tape.

Start the computer in Drectory Services Restore Mode. To do this, restart the computer and press F8 when ou see the Boot menu.
Choose Directory Services Restore Mode.
Choose the Windows installation you are going to recover, and press ENTER.
Login with appropriate privileges, for example, Administrator.
Click OK to acknowledge you are using Safe Mode.
Click Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools, and then click Backup.
Click the Restore tab.
Click the File media and system state to restore.
In the Restore Files to box, select Original Location.
Click Start Restore.
After the restore process is finished, restart the computer.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-t directory

Perform a system state backup, writing the data the file sysstate.bkf in the supplied directory. By default the data is written to $EWC_HOME/tmp/sysstate.bkf

EXAMPLES

FSsysstate -t C:/TEMP

Perform a system state backup. The data is written to the file C:/TEMP/sysstate.bkf.

ENVIRONMENT

EWC_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client in DOS syntax.

eg. C:\PROGRA~1\FUNCTI~1\EBC_5.1

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

2	invalid usage
1	program or system error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

FSntcpio(1), FSregback(1)

Microsoft Help and Support: How to Backup and Restore the System State in Windows

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

busplit

NAME

busplit - split a list of files into sub-lists based on file size

SYNOPSIS

busplit [-nB] partsize prefix

DESCRIPTION

Busplit reads a list of file names from standard input, breaking them up into a number of separate lists in such a way as to ensure that the total size of files in each list is less than a given size.

OPTIONS

Busplit understands the following options:

-n	Write out the number of parts into which the input list was split to standard output.
-B	Do not backup files larger than the part size.
partsize	The maximum size in KB that the total size of the files in each list.
prefix	Busplit writes its output into files with the given name followed by 3 digits, starting at 001. For example, if the prefix is C:/tmp/bu, then busplit will create files with the names: C:/tmp/bu001, C:/tmp/bu002, and so on.

EXAMPLES

file_list "D:/home/*" | busplit 5000 C:/Windows/TEMP/bu

Splits the list of all files under D:/home into lists so that each list is 5000KB or less. Each of these lists is stored in a unique file that has a prefix of C:/Windows/TEMP/bu.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

89	A file was found that is larger than the maximum part size
0	successful

SEE ALSO

file_list(1), file_excl(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.21 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

cos

NAME

cos - execute Enterprise Windows Client command

SYNOPSIS

cos [-u user] application -c command

DESCRIPTION

Used to execute commands in an Enterprise Windows Client specified application (backup or task) environment.

Cos first performs licence validation for the specified application and the operating system version and host. Once validated, the Enterprise Windows Client environment is setup and the command specified with the -c flag is executed.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-c command	Executes command in an Enterprise Windows Client backup or task environment. The -c flag is not optional.
-u user	Sets the LOGNAME and USERNAME environment variables to the specified value.

EXAMPLES

cos backup -c bash

Obtain an Enterprise Windows Client backup shell.

cos -u harry task -c uname

Execute the command uname in an Enterprise Windows Client task environment. The environment has the variables LOGNAME and USERNAME set to harry.

ENVIRONMENT

APPL_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client. This value is retrieved from the registry via the HomeDir value under the Enterprise Windows Client section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE.

e.g. /cygdrive/C/Program Files/Functional Software/EWC_5.1

APPL_NAME

For the cos command to be run in the correct environment, the variable APPL_NAME must be set. APPL_NAME can be set to either backup or task.

EWC_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client in DOS syntax.

e.g. C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1

FULLNAME

The fullname of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

e.g. COSmanager

LOGNAME

The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

e.g. cosmos

PATH

The location, relative to EWC_HOME of the Enterprise Windows Client executables is prepended to the PATH variable.

e.g. /bin:/cygdrive/c/Windows/system32:/cygdrive/c/Windows

USERNAME

The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.

e.g. cosmos

DIAGNOSTICS The following exit values are returned:

1	program error, invalid usage or invalid licence
0	successful

Other exit values are indeterminate as cos will terminate with the exit status of the command it invokes.

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.13 - Last modified 5^th January 2008.

[edit]

db_date

NAME

db_date - return today's date

SYNOPSIS

db_date [-t]

DESCRIPTION

db_date writes today's date to standard output in database internal format.

OPTIONS'

The following options are supported:

-t	The time will be output along with the date.

EXAMPLES

db_date -t

Write out the date and time.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

2	Invalid flags
0	successful

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.3 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

devio

NAME

devio - handle I/O to devices such as tape drives

SYNOPSIS

devio -i|o [-bcdLmnprs1] [command]

DESCRIPTION

Devio reads data from or writes data to either a disk file or a device such as a tape drive. Devio can be called several times in succession to write to a set of tapes or other media, and handle volume changes as necessary.

Normally devio reads from the device, passing data to standard output (-i option) or writes to the device, obtaining data from standard input (-o option). However, if a command is given as a parameter (which must be quoted to ensure that it is passed as a single parameter), then it is executed, and data is piped to or from that process. Devio will then terminate with the same exit status as this process. This is useful if devio is called from a shell script which needs to know whether the data transfer was successful.

OPTIONS

-i	Devio will read data from the device, passing it to STDOUT or to the standard input of the optional command.
-o	Devio will write data to the device, reading it from STDIN or from the standard output of the optional command.
-d device	I/O will be done to the specified device or file. Typically this would be a Windows tape device name, such as tape0. If this option is omitted, the environment variable `TAPE` should specify the device.
-n name	This specifies a name by which the user knows the device, as specified by the -d option. If this option is specified, then any user messages referring to the device will use the specified name, rather than the Windows device name.
-b blocksize	The blocksize in KB that should be used for I/O to the device. The default is 64KB.
-c capacity	The capacity in KB of each volume. This figure should be the amount of data that can safely be written. Devio will request a change of volume after this amount has been read or written. The default is unlimited capacity, implying that media changes will occur at physical end of volume or on an I/O error.
-m command	A command to run to change the volume in the device. This command should exit with a status of 0 when the drive is ready and loaded with the new volume. It can also optionally write the name of the next device to use on its STDOUT (if it has changed). A non-zero exit status will cause devio to exit with that status. This command can also do things like checking for or writing a label on the new tape.
-s startpos	The amount of data in KB to to skip or that has already been written on the first volume. This tells devio how much data can still fit (if writing) or remains (if reading) on the first volume. On subsequent volumes it is assumed that the full capacity (given by -c) is available. The default is 0, i.e.: starting at the beginning of the volume.
-r amount	The amount of data in KB that devio should read. This is only applicable with the -i option, and is only necessary on devices, such as floppy disks, which have no mechanism for delimiting files or datasets on the one volume. By default devio will read to end of file.
-P volsizes	The amounts of data in KB that devio should read on each volume. If more than one size is given, devio will read the first amount, request a volume change, and continue to read the second amount etc. This is only applicable with the -i option. By default devio will stop at end of file.
-L	Indicates that the data being read or written is a single block tape label. Unless -b is specified, this will be a 512 byte block.
-p	Indicates that all blocks are to be written at the specified blocksize. Normally devio will write a short last block if there is insufficient data to fill the block. This flag will cause such a block to be NULL padded.
-1	Indicates that at least one block should be written to the device, even if there is no input data. This is useful for jobs which write multiple files to one tape, and want to ensure that the relative positions of each file is constant, even if one file is empty. Many tape devices have no means of writing an empty file.
-u	Causes devio to write details of the amounts of data written, the elapsed time & rate to the given file.

EXAMPLES

devio -o -b32 -d tape0 'FSntcpio -f C:/local'

Write a backup of C:/local to tape device tape0 using 32K blocksize.

devio -i -b32 -d tape0 'FSntcpio -r C:/tmp'

Recover the contents of tape device tape0 to C:/tmp. Data is read from tape0 in 32K blocks and passed to FSntcpio.

ENVIRONMENT

TAPE

DEVICE

If the tape device is not specified one of these environment variables will be used instead, if set.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

95	error passing data to or from the command
90	device I/O error
85	no data was written to the device
83	devio did not read as much data as expected
81	media change failed
80	unable to open device
1	program error, invalid usage or invalid licence

SEE ALSO

devscan(1), ntcpio(1), FSntcpio(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 4.1 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

devscan

NAME

devscan - verify readability of a removable medium

SYNOPSIS

devscan [-b blocksize] [-d datasize] [-e] [-f files] [-n name] device

DESCRIPTION

Devscan reads the specified device and reports the amount of data and the number of files read. Here a file refers to data written to a tape or similar medium, and separated from the next file by an end-of-file mark. In other words, in this context a file is usually an archive produced by a backup utility such as ntcpio. If an I/O error is encountered, this is reported, and devscan will terminate with an error status.

Devscan can be used to do a simple verification of data on a removable device after a backup. Note that devscan only verifies that the data is readable; it does not guarantee that it is correct or consistent. This type of verification is all that is required for most sites, as checksums used on most modern tapes virtually guarantee that as long as the data is readable, it will be the same data as was written.

Note that for tape devices, devscan starts reading from the current position of the tape. This usually means that the tape should be rewound before and after running devscan.

When standard output is directed to a TTY device, devscan displays a running count of the blocks being read. Otherwise, only a summary is given.

OPTIONS

Devscan understands the following options:

-b blocksize	The blocksize (in KB) to use when reading data from the tape. This option is ignored when using a tape drive supporting variable length blocks. Even when using a fixed blocksize tape drive (such as a QIC), this option is usually not required, as devscan automatically queries the drive to determine the blocksize to use.
-d datasize	The maximum amount of data (in KB) to read. If this option is specified, devscan will stop after reading this amount of data. By default devscan will read to the end of data, or the end of the physical device (whichever comes first).
-e	Many tape devices indicate end of data with two successive tape marks, which is the same as an empty tape file. This flag tells devscan NOT to stop scanning when an empty tape file is encountered.
-f files	The maximum number of files to read. If this option is specified, devscan will stop after reading this number of files. This is only required on some devices (usually cartridge tapes), which support an end-of-file mark, but do not support an end-of-data mark. Two consecutive end-of-file marks are also taken to mean the end-of-data.
-n name	The name by which the user knows the device. If this option is specified, then any messages referring to the device will use the specified name, rather than the system device name.

EXAMPLES

devscan tape0

Scan the tape device tape0 until the end of media is reached.

devscan -f1 tape1

Scan one tape file only on tape device tape1

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	program error, invalid usage or invalid licence
0	successful

SEE ALSO devio, ntcpio

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.7 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

ewc

NAME

ewc - Enterprise Windows Client configuration

SYNOPSIS

ewc [config]

DESCRIPTION

Without any arguments, invokes the Enterprise Windows Client Graphical User Interface.

The Enterprise Windows Client Interface is used to display product and user information, licencing and for setting up communication services used and remote host access.

If the config argument is specified, initial configuration actions will be performed. These include specifying the Master COSmanager host and setting file permissions. This option should only be run once.

The following commands are supported:

config

Enterprise Windows Client initial configuration.

EXAMPLES

ewc

Invoke the Enterprise Windows Client Interface.

ewc config

Perform Enterprise Windows Client initial configuration actions.

ENVIRONMENT

Company

The company name that the Enterprise Windows Client is licenced to.

EWC_HOME

The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client. If this variable is not set the value will be retrieved from the registry via the HomeDir key under the Enterprise Windows Client section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE.

e.g. C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1

GUI_HOME

Set to the server directory under the Enterprise Windows Client home directory.

Hostname

The Windows hostname.

NTType

The type of Enterprise Windows Client licence. Can be either SERVER or WORKSTATION.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	unable to locate home directory, program or system error.
0	successful

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 5^th January 2008.

[edit]

file_excl

NAME

file_excl - exclude filenames matching set of patterns from standard input

SYNOPSIS

file_excl [-f file] pattern...

DESCRIPTION

File_excl reads a list of file names from standard input, removing ones matching a given set of patterns [see below], and writing the others to standard output.

The following operands are supported:

pattern Exclude those files matching pattern. See below for the syntax.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-f file

Read the list of file patterns from the given file.

FILE PATTERNS

File_list and file_excl both use a common form of file pattern, which is very similar to that used by the shell, but enhanced so that a single "*" character as a component of a pathname matches any depth of directory, including zero. Note that the forward slash must be used as the directory separator.

For example:

*/core	matches any "core" file in the current directory and any subdirectory.
*/usr//core**	matches any "core" file under /usr and its subdirectories.
/usr/*	matches all files under /usr.

The normal shell file expansion characters are also observed. i.e.:

?	matches any single character.
*	matches 0 or more characters, with the exception of the above.
[..]	matches any one of the enclosed characters. If the first character of the list is "!", then any character not enclosed is matched.

A backslash before any of the above characters removes its special meaning.

Patterns can also be specified in a pattern-file. In this case each pattern must be on a separate line. Blank lines and lines starting with "#" are ignored.

EXAMPLES

file_list "/home/*" | file_excl "*/core" "*/*.[oa]"

Generates a list of all files under /home except core files, object (.o) files, and archive libraries (.a).

WARNINGS

File patterns on the command line should be quoted to avoid the shell expanding the names itself.

SEE ALSO

file_list(1), busplit(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.8 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

file_list

NAME

file_list - generate list of files for backup

SYNOPSIS

file_list [-dr] [-n file] [-f file] [pattern...]

DESCRIPTION

File_list writes a list of file names to standard output matching a given set of patterns, and other criteria. It is a little like find, but allows more flexible selection & exclusion based on file name patterns.

File_list expands the given file patterns [see below], writing the list (optionally restricted by the -n option) to standard output. Patterns starting with the "!" character are excluded from the list.

OPTIONS

File_list understands the following options:

-d	Automatically include all ancestor directories of all files returned. This is useful when file_list is used to generate names for ntcpio to backup.
-f file	Read the list of file patterns from the given file. This list is in addition to any patterns specified on the command line.
-n file	Only return file names that have been modified since the specified file.
-r	Recursively descend all directories listed.
pattern	Include those files matching pattern. See below for the syntax. If omitted, all files below the current directory are included. File patterns must be relative the current directory.

FILE PATTERNS

For example:

*/core	matches any "core" file in the current directory and any subdirectory.
*src//core**	matches any "core" file under ./src and its subdirectories.
src/*	matches all files under ./src.

The normal shell file expansion characters are also observed:

?	matches any single character.
*	matches 0 or more characters, with the exception of the above.
[..]	matches any one of the enclosed characters. If the first character of the list is "!", then any character not enclosed is matched.

A backslash before any of the above characters removes its special meaning.

Patterns can also be specified in a pattern-file. In this case each pattern must be on a separate line. Blank lines and lines starting with "#" are ignored.

File_list allows patterns to specify files to be either included or excluded. If the pattern begins with "!", the files are to be excluded.

The file EWC_5.1\db\exclude contains patterns that file_list always excludes.

EXAMPLES

file_list "src/*" "!*/core" "!*/*.[oa]"

Generates a list of all files under ./src except core files, object (.o) files, and archive libraries (.a).

DIAGNOSTICS

Warning: No match found for <pattern>.

No file matching the given pattern could be found. This is purely a warning.

WARNINGS

File patterns on the command line should be quoted to avoid the shell expanding the names itself.

SEE ALSO

busplit(1), file_excl(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.18 - Last modified 4^th January 2008.

[edit]

mt

NAME

mt - magnetic tape control

SYNOPSIS

mt [-f tapename] command [count]

mt -h

DESCRIPTION

Used to control magnetic tape devices. By default mt performs the requested operation once. Multiple operations can be performed by specifying count. If tapename is not specified, the default device tape0 is used.

The following commands are supported:

bsf	Space backward count file marks.
blocksize	Set the blocksize to count bytes (0 = variable).
compression	Turn compression on (count = 1) or off (count = 0).
fsf	Space forward count file marks.
help	Output help message.
offline	Take the tape offline.
rewind	Rewind the tape.
status	Output drive and media status.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-f tapename	Specify the name of the device to control. tapename can be specified using either \\.\tape# or tape# notation.
-h	Display short help message

EXAMPLES

mt rewind

Rewind the media in tape device tape0 to the beginning.

mt -f tape1 compression 0

Turn compression off for tape device tape1.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

2	command failure whilst performing the operation
1	invalid usage, invalid device or no media loaded
0	successful

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.10 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

ntcpio

NAME

ntcpio - Backup/restore utility for Microsoft Windows

SYNOPSIS

ntcpio -i [-tv] [pattern]

ntcpio -o [-AtTv] [-I file]

DESCRIPTION

The ntcpio command is used to backup files into (-o flag) and restore files from (-i flag) an ntcpio archive. Based on the UNIX cpio command, ntcpio follows the same structure, but has been adapted to support Windows features such as Access Control Lists. The ntcpio format is not compatable with the cpio format.

When restoring files from an archive, only those files matching pattern are selected. If pattern is not specified, all files are restored.

An archive is created by reading a list of files and/or directories from standard input and writing the data from those files along with their associated information to standard output.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-i	Recover files from an archive on standard input.
-o	Backup files listed on standard intput to an archive on standard output.
-A	Only include files whose Archive bit is set.
-I file	Write a human-readable index of the archive to the specified file.
-t	Print table of contents (list the file names) of the archive to standard output. When used with -i, no files are restored.
-v	Verbose output. When used in conjunction with -t flag, extra file information is output.
-T	Similar to -t, but print a full index of the archive.
pattern	Only restore those files matching pattern. The notation used is similar to file patterns in the Unix shell.

EXAMPLES

file_list | ntcpio -ov > backup.dat

Generate an ntcpio archive of all files in the current directory to the backup.dat file.

ntcpio -ivt < backup.dat

Print out an index of all files contained in the backup.dat ntcpio format archive.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	invalid usage, program or system error
0	successful

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 2.1 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

regback

NAME

regback - registry backup and restore

SYNOPSIS

regback -b | -p | -r [-Rv] [-d directory]

DESCRIPTION

Used to backup the registry to file and restore the registry from file.

To perform a registry backup, you must have the Backup privilege. When backing up the registry, a file named EBC.DAT is created. This file contains details about the registry keys that were backed up. Only the keys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and the DEFAULT user in HKEY_USERS are backed up. A separate file is created for each sub-key under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and one for the DEFAULT user in HKEY_USERS.

To perform a registry restore, you must have the Restore privilege. The file EBC.DAT is opened and each of the keys listed in that file are set to be restored. These keys are restored the next time the host is rebooted. Temporary files ending in 999 are created for the restore process. These files can be manually removed once the host has been rebooted.

A profile listing can be generated by using the -p flag. This is the profile location for each user account on the system. This function can be used in conjuction with an archive utility to perform a backup of these directories.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-b	Dump registry keys to file. A list of the files created is written to standard output. The files can then be backed up to tape using ntcpio.
-p	Dump user profiles to file. A list of the files created is written to standard output. The files can then be backed up to tape using ntcpio.
-r	Recover registry keys from file.
-d directory	Change to directory prior to backup or restore.
-R	Reboot the system after performing any other specified actions.
-v	Verbose output.

EXAMPLES

regback -b -d D:/tmp

Dump keys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and DEFAULT user in HKEY_USERS to file in the D:/tmp directory.

regback -rR

Recover the registry from file and then reboot the machine. The EBC.DAT file and files for each of the registry keys to be restored must exist in the current directory.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	invalid usage or program error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

FSregback(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

rsh

NAME

rsh - remote shell client

SYNOPSIS

rsh [-bd] [-l username] hostname command

rsh -h

rsh -v

DESCRIPTION

Connects to the specified host and executes the specified command using the rsh protocol. The rsh standard input is passed to the remote command and the remote command's standard output and standard error become that of rsh's.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-b	Turn off binary output mode.
d	Display debugging messages. Useful for diagnosing problems.
-h	Display help screen.
-l username	Specify the username under which the remote command is to be executed.
-v	Display version information.

EXAMPLES

rsh decoy "ls -l"

Run ls -l on host decoy.

rsh -l cosmos aunty pwd

Run pwd on host aunty. An entry for the local username is required in the cosmos .rhosts file.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

2	invalid usage
1	program error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

FSremote(1), rshd(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.11 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

rshd

NAME

rshd - remote shell daemon

'SYNOPSIS

rshd -install

rshd -remove

rshd [-d] [-n | -s shell]

rshd -h

rshd -v

DESCRIPTION

The Remote Shell Daemon provides remote execution facilities. It is used to execute commands requested by remote shell clients.

Clients connect to the daemon and request the execution of a command on behalf of a user. If the user has the necesary authority, the remote shell daemon will execute the command and return the standard output and standard error of the command to the client. Any standard input sent from the client is passed to the command.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-install	Install rshd as a service. Once installed, it can be controlled using the net command, or using the Services window invoked from the Control Panel.
-remove	Remove the rshd service.
-d	Turn on debugging. Useful if there is a problem connecting.
-h	Display help screen.
-n	Use the default Windows shell (usually cmd.exe) to execute commands. The default is to use bash.exe.
-s shell	Use shell to execute commands. The shell extension must be specified eg. sh.exe. The default is to use bash.exe.
-v	Display version information.

There are a couple of other flags mentioned in the help screen which are only useful for testing purposes.

EXAMPLES

rshd -install

Install the remote shell daemon as a service.

rshd -remove

Remove the remote shell daemon service.

rshd -d -s sh.exe

Start the remote shell daemon using sh.exe instead of bash.exe to execute commands, and turn on debug information.

FILES

$WINDIR/rhosts

This file contains the list of users and hosts that are allowed to execute commands on the local host. Each line in the file contains the hostname, a space or tab and then the username. This specifies that username can execute commands from hostname.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	program or system error
0	successful

SEE ALSO

FSremote(1), rsh(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

[edit]

service

NAME

service - control services

SYNOPSIS

service info

service start [-vy] [-w secs] service

service start [-vy] [-w secs] -f file

service stop [-vy] [-w secs] service

service stop [-vy] [-w secs] -f file

DESCRIPTION

Used to control services. Includes displaying information on currently running services, starting services and stopping services.

The services to be controlled can be either listed in a file or a single service can be supplied on the command line.

The following commands are supported:

info	Output a list of currently running services.
start	Start the specified service.
stop	Stop the specified service.

OPTIONS

-f file	Perform the specified action on all services listed in the file. The services are listed one per line, and you may include comment lines starting with #. The file should be saved in the db directory under the EWC directory (eg: in `C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1\db`).
-w secs	Wait the specified number of seconds after starting or stopping the service(s). This option may be used to delay subsequent processing if a service takes some time to start or stop.
-v	Verbose output.
-y	Respond with yes to service control queries. The default is to respond no.

EXAMPLES

service start rshd

Start the rshd service.

service stop -w 90 -f services

Stop all services listed in the services file. Then wait 90 seconds to allow the listed services time to completely shutdown.

ENVIRONMENT

WINDIR

The location of the Windows directory. Used to locate the net command (that is, $WINDIR/system32/net).

eg. C:\Windows

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

2	command failure whilst performing the operation
1	invalid usage
0	successful

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 1.9 - Last modified 5^th January 2008.

[edit]

tapelabel

NAME

tapelabel - read and write electronic tape labels

SYNOPSIS

tapelabel -r device

tapelabel -w device [device] number

DESCRIPTION

Used to read and write electronic tape labels.

When writing a tape label, the tape is first rewound using mt. Then a heading, the date and the tape number is written to the tape using devio. The tape is left positioned after the tape label.

To read a tape label, the tape is first rewound using mt. Then devio is used to read the first block of the tape. If the data is read correctly and the tape label is valid, the tape number will be written to standard output. The tape is then rewound.

Tape labels are written as a single 512 byte block.

OPTIONS

-r	Read the tape label. The tape number from the label is written to standard output.
-w	Write a new label to the start of the tape with the specified tape number.

OPERANDS

device	The name of the tape device. eg. `tape0`.
number	The number to label the tape with (-w only).

EXAMPLES

tapelabel -r tape0

Write out the label of the tape loaded in drive tape0.

tapelabel -w tape1 tape1 100

Label the tape in drive tape1 as number 100.

DIAGNOSTICS

The following exit values are returned:

1	invalid usage. I/O, program or system error.
0	successful

NOTES

The optional second device operand is used only for compatibility with the UNIX version of tapelabel. It is not required on Windows.

Some older versions of tapelabel wrote a 1 KB label instead of 512 bytes. This version will read the old label, but always writes new 512 byte labels.

SEE ALSO

devio(1), mt(1)

COPYRIGHT

Based on version 2.3.1.9 - Last modified 24^th January 2008.

Retrieved from "https://documentation.fs.com.au/index.php/Backup3G/EWC/Man_Pages"

Search

Backup3G/EWC/Man Pages

From Documentation

Current revision

Contents

COSserver

FSntcpio

FSregback

FSremote

FSsysstate

busplit

cos

db_date

devio

devscan

ewc

file_excl

file_list

mt

ntcpio

regback

rsh

rshd

service

tapelabel

 :The following exit values are returned:
 :{|
-|width=20 |1
+|width=40 |1
 |program or system error
 |-
 == FSntcpio ==
+'''NAME'''
+:FSntcpio - perform ntcpio format backup and restore
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>FSntcpio [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-s pattern] [-S file] [-x pattern | -X file] directory</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -a files [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -f [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -i [-d] [-v] [-W] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -l</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -L list [-v] [-I index] [-x pattern | -X file] directory</code>
+:<code>FSntcpio -r [-v] [-D directories] [-F files] directory</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:FSntcpio implements backup/restore/archive using ntcpio.
+:In backup and archive mode it writes data in ntcpio format to standard output. In restore mode it unloads data in ntcpio format from standard input. Directory is the name of the base directory relative to which the backup or restore is done.
+:When performing a full backup, FSntcpio copies all files under directory and creates a time stamp file called .FSbackup. When performing an incremental backup, FSntcpio copies files in directory that have a modification time newer than that of .FSbackup. Furthermore, with the deleting backup option, a list of files that have been deleted or renamed since the full backup is saved. Later, when a restore is performed, these files are then handled correctly so that the state of the restored directory matches the original at the time of the incremental backup.
+:An online index to aid the restore of selected files and directories can be generated during the backup as the data is written, using the -I flag, or at some time later by reading data back from the tape using the -l flag.
+:Selected files and directories can be included (backup only these files under directory) or excluded (backup all files under directory except for these files) from the backup.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:Only one of the following options should be specified:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-a ''files'''''
+|Archive the specified file/directories.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-f'''
+|Full backup: backup the whole directory, plus create .FSbackup.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-i'''
+|Incremental backup. Backup files modified later than .FSbackup (see also the discussion on deleting backup above).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-r'''
+|Recover files given by -D and -F (or everything if they are not specified).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-l'''
+|Create an index from an existing ntcpio backup to standard output. Does NOT perform a backup or restore.
+|}
+:If none of the above is specified, FSntcpio will default to a selected file backup as determined by the -s or -S flags (or, if neither of these is specified, backup the whole directory. Note that this is still a selected backup, as .FSbackup is not created).
+:The following options apply to backups only (ie. not -r or -l):
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-d'''
+|Do deleting backup (-f and -i only).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-L ''list'''''
+|Only save files whose names are specified in list one per line (exact match - no patterns).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-s ''pattern'''''
+|Select for backup only files matching the specified patterns. Each pattern may also begin with "!" indicating that files matching this pattern are to be excluded. (selected file backup only)
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-S ''file'''''
+|Read file for the list of file patterns to select or exclude, one per line. The file may also contain comments on lines starting with "#". (selected file backup only)
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-W'''
+|Ignore warnings. For example: Cannot access file would mean the exit status will be set to 2. The -W flag will override and set the exit status to 0 (successful).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-x'''
+|Exclude from the backup files matching the specified patterns.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-X ''file'''''
+|Read file for the list of file patterns to exclude, one per line.
+|}
+:The following options apply to restore only:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-D ''dirs'''''
+|Recover the specified directories recursively
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-F ''files'''''
+|Recover the specified files
+|}
+:Other options supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-I ''file'''''
+|Create an index in the specified file (not -r)
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v '''
+|Verbose output. Display the filenames as they are backed up or restored.
+|}
+'''FILE PATTERNS'''
+:The options -s, -S, -x and -X define filename patterns to either include or exclude in a backup. The format of these patterns is very much like the format of file patterns in the Bourne Shell. Note that forward slash must be used as the directory separator.
+:The following special characters are recognised:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=60 |'''*'''
+|Matches any string not containing "/", including the null string. However a "*" by itself (i.e. only surrounded by "/") will match ANY string.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''?'''
+|Matches any one character except "/".
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''[..]'''
+|Matches any one of the set of characters in the brackets. If the first character after the "[" is "!", any character NOT in the set is matched. A range of characters can be specified using "-".
+|}
+:'''Some examples:'''
+:<tt>Windows/file[0-9].?</tt>
+::will match Windows/file2.d
+:<tt>home/m*/core</tt>
+::will match home/mike/core, but not home/mike/src/core
+:<tt>home/*/corev</tt>
+::because the "*" is by itself, this will match home/core, home/mike/core, and home/mike/src/core etc.
+:<tt>*/tmp/*</tt>
+::matches all files under any directory called "tmp". For example mike/tmp/src/test.c will match.
+:File patterns should be relative the base directory.
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>FSntcpio -f -I /tmp/index2 C:/users</code>
+:Generates a full backup of the directory C:/users to standard output, generating an online index in /tmp/index2.
+:<code>FSntcpio -i -I /tmp/index9 -x "*/core */*.o" D:/r+d</code>
+::Generates an incremental backup of the directory D:/r+d to standard output, generating an online index. Exclude any "core" or ".o" files.
+:<code>FSntcpio -s "[a-h]*/* !*/tmp/*" D:/home</code>
+::Generates a selected backup of directories under D:/home starting with the letters "a" through "h". Exclude any "tmp" directories.
+:<code>FSntcpio -L /tmp/files "C:/Program Files"</code>
+::Generate a backup of the files listed in /tmp/files where they are assumed to be relative to the "C:/Program Files" directory.
+:<code>FSntcpio -a "first.doc second.doc Manuals" C:/Documents</code>
+::Generate an archive of the files first.doc, second.doc, and the directory Manuals, which are relative to the directory C:/Documents.
+:<code>FSntcpio -l -I /tmp/index4</code>
+::Generate an online index to the file /tmp/index4 from ntcpio format data read from standard input.
+:<code>FSntcpio -r -D "Program Files" -F config.sys C:/tmp</code>
+::Restore the directory "Program Files" and the file config.sys to the directory C:/tmp from data read from standard input. The directory "Program Files" and file config.sys were originally backed up relative to the root directory on drive C (C:/).
+'''FILES'''
+:<tt>.FSbackup</tt>
+::The time stamp file created in directory by a full backup. Incremental backups only select files whose modification date is after that of .FSbackup. This file will be empty unless the -d (deletion) flag is used. In this case, it will contain a list of the names of all the files backed up.
+:<tt>.FSbackup.del</tt>
+::The "deletion" list produced when an incremental backup is performed with the -d (deletion) flag. This contains a list of files which have been deleted or renamed since the last full backup.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |10
+|trapped signal
+|-
+|2
+|invalid usage
+|-
+|1
+|program or system error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''NOTES'''
+:When performing an incremental backup, FSntcpio checks whether the file .FSbackup exists. If not, FSntcpio reverts to a full backup.
+:FSntcpio writes to standard output. In Backup3G, a backup method defined to use "stdout" pipes the output on to devio for streaming to the tape device.
+:The files contained in the backup have paths relative to directory.
+:The "deleting" option (-d) requires an extra scan of the directory before the backup, and hence may be slower to start.
+{{Note | The forward slash must be used as the directory separator. ie: directories should be specified as <tt>C:/Windows</tt>, not <tt>C:\Windows</tt>}}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#ntcpio|ntcpio(1)]], [[#file_list|file_list(1)]], [[#file_excl|file_excl(1)]], [[#devio|devio(1)]]
 '''COPYRIGHT'''
 :Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
-:Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+:Based on version 1.30 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
 <br>
 == FSregback ==
+'''NAME'''
+:FSregback - perform registry backup and restore
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>FSregback -b [-pv] [-I file]</code>
+:<code>FSregback -l [-p]</code>
+:<code>FSregback -r [-Rv] [-K keys]</code>
+:<code>FSregback -rp [-v] [-P profiles]</code>
+:<code>FSregback -R</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Used for registry or user profile backup and restore.
+:To perform a registry backup, you must have the Backup privilege. Only dynamic registry keys are backed up. These are the sub keys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and the DEFAULT user key in HKEY_USERS. The data is written to the standard output stream in the ntcpio format.
+:To perform a registry restore, you must have the Restore privilege. The registry data is read from the standard input stream. If specific keys were specified with the -K flag only those keys will be restored, else all keys will be restored. The actual restoration of these keys does not take place until the next time the host is rebooted. Temporary files ending in 999 are created for the restore process. These files can be removed once the host has been rebooted and the keys restored.
+:User profiles can be backed up by specifying the -p flag with the -b flag. The profiles can be restored by specifying the -p flag with the -r flag. Profile restoration can be limited to specific users by using the -P flag, else all profiles will be restored.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-b'''
+|Perform either a registry or profile backup. (see -p flag).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-I ''file'''''
+|Write an index of the backup to file.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-K ''keys'''''
+|Recover the specified keys. Used with the -r flag.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-l'''
+|Generate either a registry or profile index. (see -p flag).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-p'''
+|Perform the action on the user profiles. The default is to perform the action on the registry. Specified in conjunction with either -b, -l or -r.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-P ''profiles'''''
+|Recover the specified profiles. Used with the -pr flags.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-r'''
+|Restore either the registry or user profiles. (see -p flag).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-R'''
+|Reboot the host.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v'''
+|Verbose output.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>FSregback -b -I C:/tmp/index</code>
+::Perform a registry backup. The data is written to the standard output stream. An index of the keys backed up is written to C:/tmp/index.
+:<code>FSregback -bR -K "SOFTWARE SECURITY"</code>
+::Recover the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE sub keys, SOFTWARE and SECURITY. Reboot the host.
+:<code>FSregback -lp</code>
+::Generate a profile index. The data is read from the standard input stream. The index is written to the standard output stream.
+'''ENVIRONMENT'''
+:<tt>TEMPDIR</tt>
+::The location of the temporary directory used to create temporary files.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |2
+|invalid usage
+|-
+|1
+|program or system error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#regback|regback(1)]], [[#FSsysstate|FSsysstate(1)]]
 '''COPYRIGHT'''
 :Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
-:Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+:Based on version 1.8 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
 <br>
 == FSremote ==
+'''NAME'''
+:FSremote - run a command on a remote host and return the exit status
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>FSremote [-S] host command</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Connect to the specified host and execute the specified command within the COSmanager environment. The exit status of FSremote is set to the exit status of the command. Any standard input is passed to the remote command and the remote command's standard output and standard error become that of FSremote.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-D'''
+|Display debugging messages. Useful for diagnosing problems.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-S'''
+|Set the user id and group id of the remote process to $LOGNAME.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>FSremote aunty "mt_wait"</code>
+::Run the mt_wait command on remote host aunty.
+:<code>FSremote -S decoy "id"</code>
+::Run the id command on remote host decoy with UID and GID set to the environment variable $LOGNAME.
+'''FILES'''
+:<tt>$APPL_HOME/db/comm_meth</tt>
+::Contains the remote communications method to use when executing a command on a remote host. Only two methods are supported by EWC: COSserver and rsh.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |10
+|trapped signal
+|-
+|1
+|invalid usage, program or system error
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+:Other exit values are indeterminate as FSremote will terminate with the exit status of the remote command it executes.
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#COSserver|COSserver(1)]], [[#rsh|rsh(1)]], [[#rshd|rshd(1)]]
 '''COPYRIGHT'''
 :Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
-:Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+:Based on version 4.7 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
 <br>
 == FSsysstate ==
+'''NAME'''
+:FSsysstate - perform system state backup
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>FSregback -t</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Used for system state backup. This includes:
+:* Boot files
+:* COM+ Class Registration database
+:* Registry
+:* Active Directory (NTDS) (if the server is a domain controller)
+:* System volume (SYSVOL) (if the server is a domain controller)
+:* Certificate Services database (if the server is running certificate services)
+:* Cluster service (if the server is running cluster service)
+:To perform a system state backup, you must have the Backup privilege. All components of the system state are backed up to a file in the supplied directory. You cannot select individual components for backup or for restore. Once the system state backup to file is complete, backup the file to tape using FSntcpio.
+:To perform a system state restore, you must first restore the system state backup file (sysstate.bkf) from tape.
+:#Start the computer in Drectory Services Restore Mode. To do this, restart the computer and press F8 when ou see the Boot menu.
+:#Choose Directory Services Restore Mode.
+:#Choose the Windows installation you are going to recover, and press ENTER.
+:#Login with appropriate privileges, for example, Administrator.
+:#Click OK to acknowledge you are using Safe Mode.
+:#Click Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools, and then click Backup.
+:#Click the Restore tab.
+:#Click the File media and system state to restore.
+:#In the Restore Files to box, select Original Location.
+:#Click Start Restore.
+:#After the restore process is finished, restart the computer.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-t ''directory'''''
+|Perform a system state backup, writing the data the file sysstate.bkf in the supplied directory. By default the data is written to $EWC_HOME/tmp/sysstate.bkf
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>FSsysstate -t C:/TEMP</code>
+::Perform a system state backup. The data is written to the file C:/TEMP/sysstate.bkf.
+'''ENVIRONMENT'''
+:<tt>EWC_HOME</tt>
+::The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client in DOS syntax.
+::eg. C:\PROGRA~1\FUNCTI~1\EBC_5.1
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |2
+|invalid usage
+|-
+|1
+|program or system error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#FSntcpio|FSntcpio(1)]], [[#FSregback|FSregback(1)]]
+:Microsoft Help and Support: How to Backup and Restore the System State in Windows
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == busplit ==
+'''NAME'''
+:busplit - split a list of files into sub-lists based on file size
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>busplit [-nB] partsize prefix</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Busplit reads a list of file names from standard input, breaking them up into a number of separate lists in such a way as to ensure that the total size of files in each list is less than a given size.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:Busplit understands the following options:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-n'''
+|Write out the number of parts into which the input list was split to standard output.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-B'''
+|Do not backup files larger than the part size.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''partsize'''''
+|The maximum size in KB that the total size of the files in each list.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''prefix'''''
+|Busplit writes its output into files with the given name followed by 3 digits, starting at 001. For example, if the prefix is C:/tmp/bu, then busplit will create files with the names: C:/tmp/bu001, C:/tmp/bu002, and so on.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>file_list "D:/home/*" | busplit 5000 C:/Windows/TEMP/bu</code>
+::Splits the list of all files under D:/home into lists so that each list is 5000KB or less. Each of these lists is stored in a unique file that has a prefix of C:/Windows/TEMP/bu.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |89
+|A file was found that is larger than the maximum part size
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#file_list|file_list(1)]], [[#file_excl|file_excl(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.21 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == cos ==
+'''NAME'''
+:cos - execute Enterprise Windows Client command
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>cos [-u user] application -c command</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Used to execute commands in an Enterprise Windows Client specified application (backup or task) environment.
+:Cos first performs licence validation for the specified application and the operating system version and host. Once validated, the Enterprise Windows Client environment is setup and the command specified with the -c flag is executed.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-c ''command'''''
+|Executes command in an Enterprise Windows Client backup or task environment. The -c flag is not optional.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-u ''user'''''
+|Sets the LOGNAME and USERNAME environment variables to the specified value.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>cos backup -c bash</code>
+::Obtain an Enterprise Windows Client backup shell.
+:<code>cos -u harry task -c uname</code>
+::Execute the command uname in an Enterprise Windows Client task environment. The environment has the variables LOGNAME and USERNAME set to harry.
+'''ENVIRONMENT'''
+:<tt>APPL_HOME</tt>
+::The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client. This value is retrieved from the registry via the HomeDir value under the Enterprise Windows Client section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE.
+::e.g. /cygdrive/C/Program Files/Functional Software/EWC_5.1
+:<tt>APPL_NAME</tt>
+::For the cos command to be run in the correct environment, the variable APPL_NAME must be set. APPL_NAME can be set to either backup or task.
+:<tt>EWC_HOME</tt>
+::The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client in DOS syntax.
+::e.g. C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1
+:<tt>FULLNAME</tt>
+::The fullname of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.
+::e.g. COSmanager
+:<tt>LOGNAME</tt>
+::The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.
+::e.g. cosmos
+:<tt>PATH</tt>
+::The location, relative to EWC_HOME of the Enterprise Windows Client executables is prepended to the PATH variable.
+::e.g. /bin:/cygdrive/c/Windows/system32:/cygdrive/c/Windows
+:<tt>USERNAME</tt>
+::The username of the user connecting to the Enterprise Windows Client.
+::e.g. cosmos
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|width=40 |1
+|program error, invalid usage or invalid licence
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+Other exit values are indeterminate as cos will terminate with the exit status of the command it invokes.
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.13 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == db_date ==
+'''NAME'''
+:db_date - return today's date
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>db_date [-t]</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:db_date writes today's date to standard output in database internal format.
+'''OPTIONS''''''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-t'''
+|The time will be output along with the date.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES
+:<code>db_date -t</code>
+::Write out the date and time.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |2
+|Invalid flags
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.3 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == devio ==
 :<code>devio -i -b32 -d tape0 'FSntcpio -r C:/tmp'</code>
 ::Recover the contents of tape device ''tape0'' to C:/tmp. Data is read from ''tape0'' in 32K blocks and passed to FSntcpio.
+'''ENVIRONMENT'''
+:<tt>TAPE</tt>
+:<tt>DEVICE</tt>
+::If the tape device is not specified one of these environment variables will be used instead, if set.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |95
+|error passing data to or from the command
+|-
+|90
+|device I/O error
+|-
+|85
+|no data was written to the device
+|-
+|83
+|devio did not read as much data as expected
+|-
+|81
+|media change failed
+|-
+|80
+|unable to open device
+|-
+|1
+|program error, invalid usage or invalid licence
+|}
 == devscan ==
+'''NAME'''
+:devscan - verify readability of a removable medium
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>devscan [-b blocksize] [-d datasize] [-e] [-f files] [-n name] device</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Devscan reads the specified device and reports the amount of data and the number of files read. Here a file refers to data written to a tape or similar medium, and separated from the next file by an end-of-file mark. In other words, in this context a file is usually an archive produced by a backup utility such as ntcpio. If an I/O error is encountered, this is reported, and devscan will terminate with an error status.
+:Devscan can be used to do a simple verification of data on a removable device after a backup. Note that devscan only verifies that the data is readable; it does not guarantee that it is correct or consistent. This type of verification is all that is required for most sites, as checksums used on most modern tapes virtually guarantee that as long as the data is readable, it will be the same data as was written.
+:Note that for tape devices, devscan starts reading from the current position of the tape. This usually means that the tape should be rewound before and after running devscan.
+:When standard output is directed to a TTY device, devscan displays a running count of the blocks being read. Otherwise, only a summary is given.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:Devscan understands the following options:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-b ''blocksize'''''
+|The blocksize (in KB) to use when reading data from the tape. This option is ignored when using a tape drive supporting variable length blocks. Even when using a fixed blocksize tape drive (such as a QIC), this option is usually not required, as devscan automatically queries the drive to determine the blocksize to use.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-d ''datasize'''''
+|The maximum amount of data (in KB) to read. If this option is specified, devscan will stop after reading this amount of data. By default devscan will read to the end of data, or the end of the physical device (whichever comes first).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-e'''
+|Many tape devices indicate end of data with two successive tape marks, which is the same as an empty tape file. This flag tells devscan NOT to stop scanning when an empty tape file is encountered.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-f ''files'''''
+|The maximum number of files to read. If this option is specified, devscan will stop after reading this number of files. This is only required on some devices (usually cartridge tapes), which support an end-of-file mark, but do not support an end-of-data mark. Two consecutive end-of-file marks are also taken to mean the end-of-data.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-n ''name'''''
+|The name by which the user knows the device. If this option is specified, then any messages referring to the device will use the specified name, rather than the system device name.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>devscan tape0</code>
+::Scan the tape device tape0 until the end of media is reached.
+:<code>devscan -f1 tape1</code>
+::Scan one tape file only on tape device tape1
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |1
+|program error, invalid usage or invalid licence
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+devio, ntcpio
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.7 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == ewc ==
+'''NAME'''
+:ewc - Enterprise Windows Client configuration
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>ewc [config]</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Without any arguments, invokes the Enterprise Windows Client Graphical User Interface.
+:The Enterprise Windows Client Interface is used to display product and user information, licencing and for setting up communication services used and remote host access.
+:If the config argument is specified, initial configuration actions will be performed. These include specifying the Master COSmanager host and setting file permissions. This option should only be run once.
+:The following commands are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''''config'''''
+|Enterprise Windows Client initial configuration.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>ewc</code>
+::Invoke the Enterprise Windows Client Interface.
+:<code>ewc config</code>
+::Perform Enterprise Windows Client initial configuration actions.
+'''ENVIRONMENT'''
+:<tt>Company</tt>
+::The company name that the Enterprise Windows Client is licenced to.
+:<tt>EWC_HOME</tt>
+::The base directory of the Enterprise Windows Client. If this variable is not set the value will be retrieved from the registry via the HomeDir key under the Enterprise Windows Client section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE.
+::e.g. C:\Program Files\Functional Software\EWC_5.1
+:<tt>GUI_HOME</tt>
+::Set to the server directory under the Enterprise Windows Client home directory.
+:<tt>Hostname</tt>
+::The Windows hostname.
+:<tt>NTType</tt>
+::The type of Enterprise Windows Client licence. Can be either SERVER or WORKSTATION.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |1
+|unable to locate home directory, program or system error.
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == file_excl ==
+'''NAME'''
+:file_excl - exclude filenames matching set of patterns from standard input
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>file_excl [-f file] pattern...</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:File_excl reads a list of file names from standard input, removing ones matching a given set of patterns [see below], and writing the others to standard output.
+:The following operands are supported:
+pattern 	Exclude those files matching pattern. See below for the syntax.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-f ''file'''''
+|Read the list of file patterns from the given file.
+|}
+'''FILE PATTERNS'''
+:File_list and file_excl both use a common form of file pattern, which is very similar to that used by the shell, but enhanced so that a single "*" character as a component of a pathname matches any depth of directory, including zero. Note that the forward slash must be used as the directory separator.
+:For example:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=70 |'''*/core'''
+|matches any "core" file in the current directory and any subdirectory.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''/usr/*/core'''
+|matches any "core" file under /usr and its subdirectories.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''/usr/*'''
+|matches all files under /usr.
+|}
+The normal shell file expansion characters are also observed. i.e.:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=70 |'''?'''
+|matches any single character.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''*'''
+|matches 0 or more characters, with the exception of the above.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''[..]'''
+|matches any one of the enclosed characters. If the first character of the list is "!", then any character not enclosed is matched.
+|}
+:A backslash before any of the above characters removes its special meaning.
+:Patterns can also be specified in a pattern-file. In this case each pattern must be on a separate line. Blank lines and lines starting with "#" are ignored.
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>file_list "/home/*" | file_excl "*/core" "*/*.[oa]"</code>
+::Generates a list of all files under /home except core files, object (.o) files, and archive libraries (.a).
+'''WARNINGS'''
+:File patterns on the command line should be quoted to avoid the shell expanding the names itself.
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#file_list|file_list(1)]], [[#busplit|busplit(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.8 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == file_list ==
+'''NAME'''
+:file_list - generate list of files for backup
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>file_list [-dr] [-n file] [-f file] [pattern...]</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:File_list writes a list of file names to standard output matching a given set of patterns, and other criteria. It is a little like find, but allows more flexible selection & exclusion based on file name patterns.
+:File_list expands the given file patterns [see below], writing the list (optionally restricted by the -n option) to standard output. Patterns starting with the "!" character are excluded from the list.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:File_list understands the following options:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-d'''
+|Automatically include all ancestor directories of all files returned. This is useful when file_list is used to generate names for ntcpio to backup.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-f ''file'''''
+|Read the list of file patterns from the given file. This list is in addition to any patterns specified on the command line.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-n ''file'''''
+|Only return file names that have been modified since the specified file.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-r'''
+|Recursively descend all directories listed.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''pattern'''''
+|Include those files matching pattern. See below for the syntax. If omitted, all files below the current directory are included. File patterns must be relative the current directory.
+|}
+'''FILE PATTERNS'''
+:File_list and file_excl both use a common form of file pattern, which is very similar to that used by the shell, but enhanced so that a single "*" character as a component of a pathname matches any depth of directory, including zero. Note that the forward slash must be used as the directory separator.
+:For example:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=70 |'''*/core'''
+|matches any "core" file in the current directory and any subdirectory.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''src/*/core'''
+|matches any "core" file under ./src and its subdirectories.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''src/*'''
+|matches all files under ./src.
+|}
+The normal shell file expansion characters are also observed:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=70 |'''?'''
+|matches any single character.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''*'''
+|matches 0 or more characters, with the exception of the above.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''[..]'''
+|matches any one of the enclosed characters. If the first character of the list is "!", then any character not enclosed is matched.
+|}
+:A backslash before any of the above characters removes its special meaning.
+:Patterns can also be specified in a pattern-file. In this case each pattern must be on a separate line. Blank lines and lines starting with "#" are ignored.
+:File_list allows patterns to specify files to be either included or excluded. If the pattern begins with "!", the files are to be excluded.
+:The file EWC_5.1\db\exclude contains patterns that file_list always excludes.
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>file_list "src/*" "!*/core" "!*/*.[oa]"</code>
+::Generates a list of all files under ./src except core files, object (.o) files, and archive libraries (.a).
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:<tt>Warning: No match found for <pattern>.</tt>
+::No file matching the given pattern could be found. This is purely a warning.
+'''WARNINGS'''
+:File patterns on the command line should be quoted to avoid the shell expanding the names itself.
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#busplit|busplit(1)]], [[#file_excl|file_excl(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.18 - Last modified 4<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == mt ==
+'''NAME'''
+:mt - magnetic tape control
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>mt [-f tapename] command [count]</code>
+:<code>mt -h</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Used to control magnetic tape devices. By default mt performs the requested operation once. Multiple operations can be performed by specifying count. If tapename is not specified, the default device tape0 is used.
+:The following commands are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''''bsf'''''
+|Space backward count file marks.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''blocksize'''''
+|Set the blocksize to count bytes (0 = variable).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''compression'''''
+|Turn compression on (count = 1) or off (count = 0).
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''fsf'''''
+|Space forward count file marks.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''help'''''
+|Output help message.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''offline'''''
+|Take the tape offline.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''rewind'''''
+|Rewind the tape.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''status'''''
+|Output drive and media status.
+|}
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-f ''tapename'''''
+|Specify the name of the device to control. tapename can be specified using either \\.\tape# or tape# notation.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-h'''
+|Display short help message
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>mt rewind</code>
+::Rewind the media in tape device tape0 to the beginning.
+:<code>mt -f tape1 compression 0</code>
+::Turn compression off for tape device tape1.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |2
+|command failure whilst performing the operation
+|-
+|1
+|invalid usage, invalid device or no media loaded
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|-
+|}
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.10 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == ntcpio ==
+'''NAME'''
+:ntcpio - Backup/restore utility for Microsoft Windows
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>ntcpio -i [-tv] [pattern]</code>
+:<code>ntcpio -o [-AtTv] [-I file]</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:The ntcpio command is used to backup files into (-o flag) and restore files from (-i flag) an ntcpio archive. Based on the UNIX cpio command, ntcpio follows the same structure, but has been adapted to support Windows features such as Access Control Lists. The ntcpio format is not compatable with the cpio format.
+:When restoring files from an archive, only those files matching pattern are selected. If pattern is not specified, all files are restored.
+:An archive is created by reading a list of files and/or directories from standard input and writing the data from those files along with their associated information to standard output.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-i'''
+|Recover files from an archive on standard input.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-o'''
+|Backup files listed on standard intput to an archive on standard output.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-A'''
+|Only include files whose Archive bit is set.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-I ''file'''''
+|Write a human-readable index of the archive to the specified file.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-t'''
+|Print table of contents (list the file names) of the archive to standard output. When used with -i, no files are restored.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v'''
+|Verbose output. When used in conjunction with -t flag, extra file information is output.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-T'''
+|Similar to -t, but print a full index of the archive.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''''pattern'''''
+|Only restore those files matching pattern. The notation used is similar to file patterns in the Unix shell.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>file_list | ntcpio -ov > backup.dat</code>
+::Generate an ntcpio archive of all files in the current directory to the backup.dat file.
+:<code>ntcpio -ivt < backup.dat</code>
+::Print out an index of all files contained in the backup.dat ntcpio format archive.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |1
+|invalid usage, program or system error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#FSntcpio|FSntcpio(1)]], [[#file_list|file_list(1)]], [[#file_excl|file_excl(1)]], [[#devio|devio(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 2.1 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == regback ==
+'''NAME'''
+:regback - registry backup and restore
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>regback -b | -p | -r [-Rv] [-d directory]</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Used to backup the registry to file and restore the registry from file.
+:To perform a registry backup, you must have the Backup privilege. When backing up the registry, a file named EBC.DAT is created. This file contains details about the registry keys that were backed up. Only the keys in ''HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE'' and the ''DEFAULT'' user in ''HKEY_USERS'' are backed up. A separate file is created for each sub-key under ''HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE'' and one for the ''DEFAULT'' user in ''HKEY_USERS''.
+:To perform a registry restore, you must have the Restore privilege. The file EBC.DAT is opened and each of the keys listed in that file are set to be restored. These keys are restored the next time the host is rebooted. Temporary files ending in 999 are created for the restore process. These files can be manually removed once the host has been rebooted.
+:A profile listing can be generated by using the -p flag. This is the profile location for each user account on the system. This function can be used in conjuction with an archive utility to perform a backup of these directories.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-b'''
+|Dump registry keys to file. A list of the files created is written to standard output. The files can then be backed up to tape using ntcpio.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-p'''
+|Dump user profiles to file. A list of the files created is written to standard output. The files can then be backed up to tape using ntcpio.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-r'''
+|Recover registry keys from file.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-d ''directory'''''
+|Change to directory prior to backup or restore.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-R'''
+|Reboot the system after performing any other specified actions.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v'''
+|Verbose output.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>regback -b -d D:/tmp</code>
+::Dump keys in ''HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE'' and ''DEFAULT'' user in ''HKEY_USERS'' to file in the D:/tmp directory.
+:<code>regback -rR</code>
+::Recover the registry from file and then reboot the machine. The EBC.DAT file and files for each of the registry keys to be restored must exist in the current directory.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |1
+|invalid usage or program error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#FSregback|FSregback(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.4 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == rsh ==
+'''NAME'''
+:rsh - remote shell client
+'''SYNOPSIS'''
+:<code>rsh [-bd] [-l username] hostname command</code>
+:<code>rsh -h</code>
+:<code>rsh -v</code>
+'''DESCRIPTION'''
+:Connects to the specified host and executes the specified command using the rsh protocol. The rsh standard input is passed to the remote command and the remote command's standard output and standard error become that of rsh's.
+'''OPTIONS'''
+:The following options are supported:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-b'''
+|Turn off binary output mode.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''d'''
+|Display debugging messages. Useful for diagnosing problems.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-h'''
+|Display help screen.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-l ''username'''''
+|Specify the username under which the remote command is to be executed.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v'''
+|Display version information.
+|}
+'''EXAMPLES'''
+:<code>rsh decoy "ls -l"</code>
+::Run ls -l on host decoy.
+:<code>rsh -l cosmos aunty pwd</code>
+::Run pwd on host aunty. An entry for the local username is required in the cosmos .rhosts file.
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|valign="top" width=40 |2
+|invalid usage
+|-
+|1
+|program error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
+'''SEE ALSO'''
+:[[#FSremote|FSremote(1)]], [[#rshd|rshd(1)]]
+'''COPYRIGHT'''
+:Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
+:Based on version 1.11 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+<br>
+{| align="right"
+|<br>[[#top|^]]
+|}
 == rshd ==
 '''NAME'''
-rshd - remote shell daemon
+:rshd - remote shell daemon
-SYNOPSIS
-rshd -install
-rshd -remove
+'SYNOPSIS'''
-rshd [-d] [-n | -s shell]
+:<code>rshd -install</code>
-rshd -h
+:<code>rshd -remove</code>
-rshd -v
+:<code>rshd [-d] [-n | -s shell]</code>
+:<code>rshd -h</code>
+:<code>rshd -v</code>
 '''DESCRIPTION'''
-The Remote Shell Daemon provides remote execution facilities. It is used to execute commands requested by remote shell clients.
+:The Remote Shell Daemon provides remote execution facilities. It is used to execute commands requested by remote shell clients.
-Clients connect to the daemon and request the execution of a command on behalf of a user. If the user has the necesary authority, the remote shell daemon will execute the command and return the standard output and standard error of the command to the client. Any standard input sent from the client is passed to the command.
+:Clients connect to the daemon and request the execution of a command on behalf of a user. If the user has the necesary authority, the remote shell daemon will execute the command and return the standard output and standard error of the command to the client. Any standard input sent from the client is passed to the command.
 '''OPTIONS'''
-The following options are supported:
+:The following options are supported:
-	-install 	Install rshd as a service. Once installed, it can be controlled using the net command, or using the Services window invoked from the Control Panel.
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
-	-remove 	Remove the rshd service.
+|-
-	-d 	Turn on debugging. Useful if there is a problem connecting.
+|valign="top" width=90 |'''-install'''
-	-h 	Display help screen.
+|Install rshd as a service. Once installed, it can be controlled using the net command, or using the Services window invoked from the Control Panel.
-	-n 	Use the default Windows shell (usually cmd.exe) to execute commands. The default is to use bash.exe.
+|-
-	-s shell 	Use shell to execute commands. The shell extension must be specified eg. sh.exe. The default is to use bash.exe.
+|valign="top" |'''-remove'''
-	-v 	Display version information.
+|Remove the rshd service.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-d'''
+|Turn on debugging. Useful if there is a problem connecting.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-h'''
+|Display help screen.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-n'''
+|Use the default Windows shell (usually cmd.exe) to execute commands. The default is to use bash.exe.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-s ''shell'''''
+|Use shell to execute commands. The shell extension must be specified eg. sh.exe. The default is to use bash.exe.
+|-
+|valign="top" |'''-v'''
+|Display version information.
+|}
 There are a couple of other flags mentioned in the help screen which are only useful for testing purposes.
 '''EXAMPLES'''
-rshd -install
+:<code>rshd -install</code>
-Install the remote shell daemon as a service.
+::Install the remote shell daemon as a service.
-rshd -remove
+:<code>rshd -remove</code>
-Remove the remote shell daemon service.
+::Remove the remote shell daemon service.
-rshd -d -s sh.exe
+:<code>rshd -d -s sh.exe</code>
-Start the remote shell daemon using sh.exe instead of bash.exe to execute commands, and turn on debug information.
+::Start the remote shell daemon using sh.exe instead of bash.exe to execute commands, and turn on debug information.
 '''FILES'''
-$WINDIR/rhosts
+:<tt>$WINDIR/rhosts</tt>
-This file contains the list of users and hosts that are allowed to execute commands on the local host. Each line in the file contains the hostname, a space or tab and then the username. This specifies that username can execute commands from hostname.
+::This file contains the list of users and hosts that are allowed to execute commands on the local host. Each line in the file contains the hostname, a space or tab and then the username. This specifies that username can execute commands from hostname.
-DIAGNOSTICS
-The following exit values are returned:
-	program or system error
+'''DIAGNOSTICS'''
-	successful
+:The following exit values are returned:
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
+|-
+|valign="top" width=40 |1
+|program or system error
+|-
+|0
+|successful
+|}
 :Copyright © 1990-{{CURRENTYEAR}} Functional Software. All rights reserved.
-:Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 5<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
+:Based on version 1.15 - Last modified 24<SUP>th</SUP> January 2008.
 <br>
 '''DIAGNOSTICS'''
 :The following exit values are returned:
-:{|
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
-| width=20 |2
+| width=40 |2
 |command failure whilst performing the operation
 |-
 '''DIAGNOSTICS'''
 :The following exit values are returned:
-:{|
+:{|border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"
 |width=20 |1
 |invalid usage. I/O, program or system error.