Reports

From Documentation

The Service Level Report summarizes state changes for selected sentries, based on data from the Event Manager log. It shows the proportion of time sentries have spent in each state.

The Logged Data report extracts historical variable data for a single sentry from the sentry logs. It is like a version of the realtime graph option that extends back in time, and can also be output to a table or file.

You can use these to analyse changes in the data leading up to an event, or look for trends in the amount of time sentries are spending out of their normal state.

There are three ways to view the reports:

• on your screen in the form of a graph
• on your screen in the form of a table
• by saving it to an ASCII file on disk, from which it can be imported to a spreadsheet, database or text-processing program for further analysis. The file is saved in CSV (comma-separated values) format.

Service Level Report

The Service Level Report extracts historical data for selected sentries on one or more hosts. It searches through the Event Manager logs and generates an aggregated report on the percentage of time each sentry has spent in each state or severity level.

One report can provide data about multiple sentries running on multiple hosts. You can either preselect the sentries or specify them in the report details.

To Generate a Service Level Report

• From the console, select Report > Service level.
• Click next to the Load Report field to load the details of a previously saved report. Leave this field blank to specify a new report.

Specify the period of the report

• To specify a fixed period, select one of the radio buttons.

  The default Start date and End date are filled in according to which

  Period you select:

  Quarter

  three months up to the end of the previous month

  Month

  the most recent completed month

  Fortnight

  fourteen days up to today’s date

  Week

  seven days up to today’s date

  Day

  today

  You can change the period by changing the Start date.

  To specify an arbitrary period, select Open and enter the Start date and End date in your usual date format: DD/MM/YY (European) or MM/DD/YY (US).

Specify the output format

• Select the output format:

• Graph

  Display the data on your workstation using the graphing tool.

  Table

  Display the data on your workstation in tabular form.

  File

  Save the data in CSV (comma-separated values) format to a file on the Event Host.

  Export

  Export the data to the application associated with the .csv file type (such as Microsoft Excel) on your workstation.

This option is only available when you are displaying the console using the COSmanager PCgui for Windows.

If you selected Output as: File, enter the output file name.

Specify the sentries and hosts

• Click next to the Sentries field to display the ‘Sentries to report on’ window.

Use the options on the Maintain menu to work with the list of sentries to be included in the report. For example, select Maintain > Add to add a sentry to the list or select Maintain > Change to change the details of a selected sentry.

To report on all instances of this sentry, select All instances. To report on only specified instances, unselect All instances and enter one or more instance names or patterns in the Instance/pattern fields.

The following metacharacters are recognised:

Meaning Example Result ? Matches any single character in this position /dev/hd? Includes: /dev/hda /dev/hdb /dev/hdc

• Matches one or more characters

in this position. /dev/hda* Includes: /dev/hda /dev/hda1 /dev/hda10 ! At the start of a pattern, excludes instances matching the pattern. !/dev/hdc* Excludes: /dev/hdc /dev/hdc1 /dev/hdc10

When you have finished filling in the ‘Add/Change Service sentries’ form, click Accept to save the sentry details. When you have finished adding instances, press F3 in the ‘Sentries to report on’ window to return to the ‘Run service level report’ form.

• Click next to the Hosts field to choose which hosts to include in the report.
• In the Group by field, select State to report on the percentage of time spent in each state. Select Severity to report on the percentage of time spent in each severity level.
• In the Monitored time only field, choose yes if you want to exclude times when the host was not being monitored (for example, when it was down for maintenance).
• You can specify an alternate location for the event log files in the Data directory field. By default the log files are stored in db/Log under the Sentinel3G installation directory on the Event Manager host.

To generate the report

• Click Run the report to generate the output. Figure 16 shows a sample report output as a graph.

Click the secondary mouse button (e.g. right-click on a mouse configured for a right-handed person) to show the context menu. The context menu has options to change the appearance of the graph, such as the axes and labels. To dismiss the graph, press F3 or Exit from the context menu.

To save the report

If you don’t wish to save the report, click Exit. If you wish to save the details of this report and rerun it later, click Save the report . 12. Enter the report name and a description.

Click Accept to save the report.

Running the Service Level Report from the Command Line

A service level report can optionally be run from the command line, using a command called service_report. The simplest method is to load a previously saved report. Using the following flags, you can override the parameters of a saved report. To run the service_report script, you need to be in a Sentinel3G environment. This can be achieved by the following: cos sentinel -c service_report [ options] [ sentries/instances]

Service Level Report Command Line Interface

Synopsis service_report [-r] [-h <hosts>] [-l <report name>] [-F <sentry file>] [-s <start date>] [-e <end data>] [-p < period>] [-t < output type>] [-o < output file>] [-f < log location>] [ <sentries/instances>] Options -r Generate a state-based report, rather than a severity-based report (default). Totals the time sentries have been in what states, instead of at what severity. -h <" host1 host2 …>" Specify a list of hosts over which to perform the report. The host names must be space separated and the list must be enclosed in double quotes. -l <report name> Specify a previously saved service level report. Any other flags specified will override the saved values. -F <sentry file>Specify a file containing sentries and instances you want to report on. The format of the file is as follows: each line contains a tabseparated list. The first entry on a line is the name of the sentry, 80 Reports and the following entries are instance patterns (to a maximum of 8). For example: If you have more than 8 instances you want reported on, just add another line with the same sentry name and the other instances. -s <start date>Start the report on this day. The date must be specified in the format YYYYMMDD. If not supplied, the start date is calculated based on the period and end date. In addition, if no end date is specified, the start date defaults to today’s date. -e <end date>End the report on this day. The date must be specified in the format YYYYMMDD. If not supplied, the end date is calculated based on the period and start date. -p <period> Period of the report. This will calculate the start or end date. If you specify both a start and end date, this option is ignored. The valid periods are: Quarter, Month, Fortnight, Week, Day and Open. The default period is Week. Note: Monthly and Quarterly reports always end on the last day of last month. -t <output type> Specify the output type. Valid types are Graph, Table, File and Export. If an output file is supplied, the output type will always be file. If no output type is given, the data will just be written to stdout in FS database format. -o <output file> S pecify what file you want the output of the report to be written to Supplying an output file will force the output type to be File. -f <log location> Location of the Sentinel3G event log files. These files are named EMdata. date where date is of the form YYYYMMDD. They are stored under the db/Log directory on the Event Manager host. CPU_State Free_Space / /usr /boot Processes inetd crond smbd nmbd Reports 81

Logged Data Report

The Logged Data report extracts historical variable data for a single sentry from the sentry logs. It is like a version of the realtime graph option, but shows historical data as well as current data, and has the option to output the results as a table or file as well as a line graph. Note Data for a sentry can only be graphed if the numeric variables to appear on the graph have already been designated as logged variables in the Data Logging section of the sentry’s Advanced options details.

To Generate a Logged Data Report

1. From the console, select a sentry, then select Report > Logged data.

Figure 17 — Specifying a Logged Data report

2. Click next to the Load Report field to load the details of a previously saved report. Leave this field blank to specify a new report.

Specify the period of the report

3. To specify a fixed period, select one of the radio buttons. 82 Reports The default Start date and End date are filled in according to which Period you select: You can change the period by changing the Start date. To specify an arbitrary period, select Open and enter the Start date and End date in your usual date format: DD/MM/YY (European) or MM/DD/YY (US).

Specify how to display the output

4. Select the report format in the Output as field: 5. If you selected Output as: Command, the Command field is mandatory. The retrieved data is piped in Functional Database format to the stdin of the command. The command runs with the environment of the user ID that started Sentinel3G. Quarter three months up to the end of the previous month Month the most recent completed month Fortnight fourteen days up to today’s date Week seven days up to today’s date Day today Graph Display the data on your workstation using the graphing tool. Table Display the data on your workstation in tabular form. Command Pipe the data to an arbitrary command. File Save the data in CSV (comma-separated values) format to a file on the Event Host. Export Export the data to the application associated with the .csv file type (such as Microsoft Excel) on your workstation. This option is only available when you are displaying the console using the COSmanager PCgui for Windows. Reports 83 The Command field is optional for the other output types. You can use it to filter the retrieved data before it is displayed, saved or exported. 6. If you selected Output as: File, enter the output file name.

Advanced logged data report details

7. Click Advanced to specify some additional report criteria. The fields in the ‘Instances’ group vary depending on the type of sentry and the output type. To report on all instances of a multi-instance sentry, select All instances. To report on only specified instances, unselect All instances and click Instances to display the ‘Instances to report on’ window. From this window you can enter a list of instance names or patterns to be included in or excluded from the report. The following metacharacters are recognised: 84 Reports When you have finished adding patterns, press F3 in the ‘Instances to report on’ window to return to the ‘Advanced logged data report details’ form. 8. As columns is only available when you have selected a multi-instance sentry to report on. When this field is selected, each of the variables for each of the instances will be displayed as columns, not as one row per instance. These tables show how As columns affects the output produced. In this example, we are reporting on the MBused and MBtotal variables for the filesystems / and /usr: The As columns option is available for the table, command and export output types. It is also available for the graph output type, but only in the case where you are reporting on a single instance of a multi-instance sentry. Meaning Example Result ? Matches any single character in this position /dev/hd? Includes: /dev/hda /dev/hdb /dev/hdc

• Matches one or more characters

in this position. /dev/hda* Includes: /dev/hda /dev/hda1 /dev/hda10 ! At the start of a pattern, excludes instances matching the pattern. !/dev/hdc* Excludes: /dev/hdc /dev/hdc1 /dev/hdc10 When As Columns is not selected: Date Time Instance MBused MBtotal 01/02/2002 16:00 / 47 150 01/02/2002 16:00 /usr 680 2048 01/02/2002 17:00 / 46 150 01/02/2002 17:00 /usr 680 2048 When As Columns is selected: Date Time MBused(/) MBtotal(/) MBused(/usr) MBtotal(/usr) 01/02/2002 16:00 47 150 680 2048 01/02/2002 17:00 46 150 680 2048 Reports 85 9. You can optionally average the data for the report by ticking Average and selecting a period. The resulting information is displayed with a time entry matching the beginning of the selected period. For example, if you choose to average the data over an hour, there will be 24 data entries per day, each of which lies on an hour boundary. The value will be the average of all the data over the following hour. For numeric data, the average is taken to be the mean of the values, weighted by the amount of time spent at that value. For non-numeric data, the average will be the mode (the most common) of the values, also based on time spent at that value. 10. You can specify an alternate location for the host monitor log files in the Data directory field. By default the log files are stored in db/Log under the Sentinel3G installation directory on each host. Sentinel3G must be able to collect data from each host that it reports on. This means that each host must be up and running Sentinel3G at the time the report is generated. When you have finished filling in the ‘Advanced logged data report details’ form, click Return to complete the remaining fields in the main ‘Logged data reporting’ form.

Variables

If you chose to output the report as a graph, you can now select up to five individual agent variables whose values are to be graphed, or specify All variables if you wish all the relevant variables to be graphed. Note If you see this message: “There is no numeric logged data for this sentry suitable for graphing” the problem is that there are no numeric logged variables specified for this sentry. See Advanced options on page 116. 86 Reports Tick the State/Severity field to include state and severity information in the report.

Specify graph details

Click Graph details to specify some attributes of the graph output. The first two fields control the scale on the graph’s Y-axis. If Min value and Max value are not specified, the Y-axis will be sized to the current minimum and maximum data value. This means the scale may change as new values are graphed. To keep the scale constant, set both Min value and Max value. Use close minimum and maximum values if you want to focus on relatively small differences among data values. For example, if a set of variables is mainly of interest when the values are clustered near 100%, a minimum value of 90 will help to separate them. Min value The minimum value to display next to the Y-axis. If the values will always be positive, set Min value=0. Reports 87 Max value The maximum value to display next to the Y-axis. Scale to max? (For stack charts only) Tick this checkbox if you want the values to be scaled so that their sum equals Max value. This is useful where the total adds up approximately to Max Value. Scaling ensures a flat top to the stack. If you are graphing variables from a single sentry instance, you can also specify a color, label and scaling factor for each specified variable. This option is available if you are working with a single-instance sentry, or if you have selected one instance of a multi-instance sentry and As columns is not selected. For each variable you selected on the Logged Data Reporting form, specify these details: Color Select the color to be used to display this variable. Label If you wish you can change the default label displayed for this variable. For example, if you wish to scale down a value for free disk space by a factor of 1000, you could also change the label to read GB (gigabytes) instead of MB (megabytes). 88 Reports Scale by This is an optional scaling factor. The values displayed will be multiplied (scaled up) by this factor. Use this to convert very large or small numbers to more manageable units. Example: specify 0.001 to divide the reported values by 1000. 11. When you have finished specifying the report, click Accept to generate the graph.

Viewing a sample graph

Click the secondary mouse button (e.g. right-click on a mouse configured for a right-handed person) to show the context menu. The context menu has options to change the appearance of the graph, such as the axes and labels. To dismiss the graph, press F3 or Exit from the context menu. Context menu Reports 89

To save the report

If you don’t wish to save the report, click Exit. If you wish to save the details of this report and rerun it later, click Save the report . 12. Enter the report name and a description. You can also enter a title to appear at the top of the output. 13. Click Accept to save the report.